Any space with a temperature aboveabsolute zeroconsists ofphotons. As a result of theDoppler effect, the moving electron experiences the photons crashing into the front of it as being blue-shifted, and the photons colliding with the back of it as being red-shifted. Since blue-shifted photons exert more momentum than red-shifted photons, the photons themselves exert a counterforce on the moving electron, just as the cytoplasm in a cell exerts a viscous force on the moving organelles. The viscous force that arises from the Doppler-shifted photons prevents electrons from exceeding the speed of light, according to Randy Wayne, associate professor of plant biology.
Wayne's research,"Charged Particles Are Prevented From Going Faster Than the Speed of Light by Light Itself: A Biophysical Cell Biologist's Contribution to Physics,"appears in the November 2010 issue ofActa Physica Polonica B.
On determining whether electrons can surpass the speed of light, Albert Einstein's specialtheory of relativitycontends that electrons are prevented from exceeding the speed of light as a result of the relativity of time. But Wayne contends that Einstein didn't take the environment through which theelectronsmove into account.
"Given the prominence of viscous forces within and around cells and the experience of identifying and quantifying such resistive forces, biophysical cell biologists have an unique perspective in discovering the viscous forces that cause moving particles to respond to an applied force in a nonlinear manner,"he explained."Consequently, light itself prevents charged particles from moving faster than thespeed of light."
Wayne will publish a related paper,"The Relativity of Simultaneity: An Analysis Based on the Properties of Electromagnetic Waves,"in a forthcoming volume of theAfrican Physical Review, which is a juried publication.
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